[This is an interesting review of the effects of climate change on rice, with mentions of several other staple crops in the introduction. Ed.]
The Impact of High-temperature Stress on Rice: Challenges and Solutions.
Yufang Xu
Chengcai Chu
Shanguo Yao
The Crop Journal, Volume 9, Issue 5, Pages 963-976
October 2021
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2021.02.011
Key Point: Global warming has become a serious threat to the productivity of agricultural crops worldwide [8]. It is estimated that without CO2 fertilization, effective adaptation, and genetic improvement, every 1 °C increase in global mean temperature will reduce global yields of wheat by 6.0%, rice by 3.2%, maize by 7.4%, and soybean by 3.1% [9].
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) caused by rapidly warming climate has become a serious threat to global food security. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food crop for over half of the world’s population, and its yield and quality are often reduced by HS. There is an urgent need for breeding heat-tolerant rice cultivars. Rice plants show various morphological and physiological symptoms under HS. Precise analysis of the symptoms (phenotyping) is essential for the selection of elite germplasm and the identification of thermotolerance genes. In response to HS, rice plants trigger a cascade of events and activate complex transcriptional regulatory networks. Protein homeostasis under HS is especially important for rice thermotolerance, which is affected by protein quality control, effective elimination of toxic proteins, and translational regulation. Although some agronomic and genetic approaches for improving heat tolerance have been adopted in rice, the molecular mechanisms underlying rice response to HS are still elusive, and success in engineering rice thermotolerance in breeding has been limited. In this review, we summarize HS-caused symptoms in rice and progress in heat-stress sensing and signal cascade research, and propose approaches for improving rice thermotolerance in future.
Link to | The Impact of High-temperature Stress on Rice: Challenges and Solutions.