13:26:27 From  Ruth Waldick  to  Everyone:
	Ruth Waldick, ecologist and climate impacts and adaptation research.  Transition Salt Spring.

13:28:28 From  Kathy Patnode USFWS  to  Everyone:
	Kathy Patnode, environmental toxicologist with US Fish and Wildlife Service.

13:32:55 From  Hardy's iPhone  to  Everyone:
	Hardy Kern, American Bird Conservancy.

13:33:36 From  Mercy Harris (she/her)  to  Everyone:
	Name is Mercy Harris.

13:33:43 From  Rachel Garthwaite  to  Everyone:
	Hi Everyone, I’m Rachel Garthwaite.  I'm working with Mike Norton from EASAC in Europe.

13:39:42 From  Anton Safer (BUND)  to  Everyone:
	Anton Safer, Germany.  Activist of BUND (German branch of Friends of the Earth).  Agronomist & human biologist.  Retired; formerly Heidelberg University Institute of Global Health.

13:47:10 From  Meg Sears  to  Everyone:
	Cadmium and mercury are also significant contaminants in soils of old orchards and golf greens.

13:53:19 From  Meg Sears  to  Everyone:
	Please comment on the continuing use of the organophosphate chlorpyrifos, which has been cancelled in Canada with a 3-year phase-out.

13:53:36 From  Sheryl McCumsey to  Everyone:
	Perhaps the lack of "care" comes from not knowing since younger people have a different perspective of what we "see?"

13:55:14 From  Ruth Waldick  to  Everyone:
	I wonder at the importance of farm size.  Canadian farms are so large that they are difficult to monitor.  What agricultural crops are the least likely to reduce their pesticide footprint?  Is this related to size of field or more due to properties of the plant crop?

13:56:41 From  Ralph Martin  to  Everyone:
	What is the impact of neonics on arthropods and other soil organisms?

13:59:09 From  Thibault Rehn (Vigilance OGM)  to  Everyone:
	In Quebec, neonics use decreasing but have been replace by Diamide who is not a solution.  How PMRA should be reform to avoid that industries always bring false solution?

13:59:34 From  Meg Sears  to  Everyone:
	Neonicotinoids are larger chemicals, and toxicities of breakdown products are not really accounted for in PMRA assessments.  What is the state of knowledge on breakdown products, such as 2-chloropyridine?

13:59:38 From  Sheryl McCumsey  to  Everyone:
	Two questions: It seems we often consider that pesticides are "necessary" without considering other methods of farming-in Europe with the ban of neonics we have heard that the loss of yield is minimal so why do we allow it?  
The second question is around the synergistic impact of neonics and glyphosate which is beginning to show harm to mammals like deer: since we do not look at the combinations of pesticides along with their additives I have major concerns about when, who and where this will ever be addressed--do you see anyone looking at this?

14:06:06 From  Ruth Waldick  to  Everyone:
	Storms are increasing in severity.  How are increasing wind and heavy rains impacting/going to impact the movement of pesticides into groundwater and overland?

14:08:00 From  John Meyer  to  Everyone:
	What happens to crop output with decreasing levels of pesticide application?  Which crops see the greatest change?  If pesticide use is reduced how much do other inputs (i.e., time and energy) have to go up to counter the effect?

14:12:24 From  Sheryl McCumsey  to  Everyone:
	Seed treatments are hidden from pesticide sales reports, in which we see dramatic increase of use everywhere.  This includes in forestry, which has been slowly transitioning into "tree farms" and do not represent the forests being clearcut across Canada.  Pesticide use is increasing there because growing "one" crop alone is the major problem that encourages insect infestations.  How we farm is the problem, would you not agree?

14:21:17 From  Ruth Waldick  to  Everyone:
	The conversion of natural ecosystems (total area) to plantations of all type (agricultural food crops, industrial crops, trees) is increasing risk and exposure while reducing forage and nesting habitat.

14:30:17 From  paulhenrybeckwith@gmail.com  to  Everyone:
	Is it possible that neonics make bats more likely to carry and spread new virus mutations like coronavirus?

14:30:36 From  Anton Safer (BUND)  to  Everyone:
	Pierre, many tests do not.
	The basics of pharmacokinetics and dynamics are usually not regarded as relevant.  Agreed, underestimate of toxic effects is standard.

14:31:55 From  Sheryl McCumsey  to  Everyone:
	Besides no giving attention to how we farm and manage forests, it seems we ignore the big picture of breakdown products and synergistic impacts entirely, BUT no-one is regulating this once it goes on the market.  There is really no oversight of this and I could elaborate fully on that, BUT how can we continue to justify working in these silos of thought?

14:39:06 From  Dave Dougherty  to  Everyone:
	What cumulative and interactive effects on different animals and on humans occur as a result of exposure to multiple neonicotinoids?

14:39:40 From  Paule Hjertaas  to  Everyone:
	This presentation is taped.  Will it be avallable for reference? and could I link to it on my we site?  www.snapinfo.ca  [Yes and yes.  Ed.]

14:40:44 From  Art Hunter  to  Paule Hjertaas(Direct Message):
	Yes, you will have to work through Pierre to get it.   I post it later this evening.

14:42:12 From  Hardy Kern, American Bird Conservancy  to  Everyone:
	Would you expect to see any spillover into raptor populations which may feed on bats, similar to the trophic cascade effects seen with DDT?

14:44:48 From  Paule Hjertaas  to  Everyone:
	I believe that a large amount of neonics are used on canola in SK, but I haven't found that much on how much drift there is from planting canola seeds.  Do you know if it much different from corn?

14:45:18 From  Bill Tyson  to  Everyone:
	1. There is no "silver bullet": all pesticides have detrimental side effects.
2. Industrial farming requires pesticides; 
3. We should reduce or eliminate industrial farming; 
4. This means a reduction in agricultural productivity; 
5. The only solution is to reduce the need for massive industrial agriculture. 
This means reducing the demand, i.e. reducing the number of people.

14:47:18 From  Dave Dougherty  to  Everyone:
	Might very  low levels of multiple pesticide exposure be causative in the obesity epidemic in USA?

14:51:04 From  Mike Nickerson  to  Everyone:
	If we aren’t prepared to use elbow-grease in agriculture, are there any alternatives to chemicals or mechanical power?

15:02:17 From  Sheryl McCumsey  to  Everyone:
	Basically, it is the "system" in which you grow food which I have witnessed on farms.  It doesn't mean necessarily elbow grease.  It means thinking 
differently and integrating systems on a farm.  It's too bad this does not make money for an industry and that's what is holding up a movement in that direction IMO.

15:03:16 From  Sheryl McCumsey  to  Everyone:
	Yield is also not the equivalent to quality, which is an issue we are seeing in deficiencies.  Many Canadians have several.

15:03:48 From  Ruth Waldick  to  Everyone:
	My suggestion, to policy folks here, is to start looking at increase dose pesticide release into waterbodies from large scale farms into creeks, streams, and lakes.

15:04:54 From  Anton Safer (BUND)  to  Everyone:
	@Dave Doughety, we have sound evidence that obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are linked to the uptake of glyphosate and some other compounds used as/in pesticide products.

15:16:47 From  Meg Sears  to  Everyone:
	The PMRA is undergoing a face-lift, and is also recruiting for a volunteer science committee.  There are concerns about the definition of conflicts of interest, and the need for compensation for scientific experts to match workload.

15:18:51 From  Meg Sears  to  Everyone:
	The PMRA stated in the glyphosate document that they preferred the studies according to regulatory standards.  They omitted vast public peer-reviewed literature.  

[Here are some links on the safety of glyphosate.  Ed.]

* https://croplife.ca/health-canada-stands-behind-safety-glyphosate/ 

* https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/news/2021/08/government-of-canada-pauses-decision-on-glyphosate-as-it-strengthens-the-capacity-and-transparency-of-review-process-for-pesticides.html

15:19:19 From  Meg Sears  to  Everyone:
	Link for PMRA science committee recruitment https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/corporate/about-health-canada/public-engagement/external-advisory-bodies/science-advisory-committee-pest-control-products/nomination-call-members.html

15:22:53 From  Ralph Martin  to  Everyone:
	On average, across the world, organic yields are about 25% lower than non-organic yields.  There are ways to farm without synthetic pesticides. * http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/3/3/e1602638

15:23:24 From  Sheryl McCumsey  to  Everyone:
	Agrochemical companies make a lot of money and have a huge influence everywhere, including at universities.  When 19 of 20 studies are sponsored by them, they will not be looking at ways to use less.

15:24:21 From  Johann Zaller  to  Everyone:
	Fully agree with Ralph's and Sheryl's comments!

15:26:16 From  Meg Sears  to  Everyone:
	We summarize needed approaches for improved chemicals and pesticides regulation.  

* https://preventcancernow.ca/update-and-strengthen-canadas-key-chemicals-laws/

15:27:24 From  Sheryl McCumsey  to  Everyone:
	Paule does have some very good material as does PCN (Prevent Cancer Now), Meg's website.
https://preventcancernow.ca/

15:31:15 From  Sheryl McCumsey  to  Everyone:
	Yes, drift is huge.  We see pesticides like chlorpyrifos in all arctic media dating back forty years.  We haven't been monitoring water much for a while across Canada.  Does anyone have up to date information on this?  We certainly had quite a bit 15 years ago.

[Here is one link on chlorpyrifos, but there is little information on it in the Arctic, and another that is over a decade old.  Ed.]

* https://www.panna.org/resources/chlorpyrifos-facts

* https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004896970901153X

15:32:56 From  Sheryl McCumsey  to  Everyone:
	Still waiting to see studies on chlorpyrifos that I asked for 10 months ago.

15:35:51 From  Paule Hjertaas  to  Everyone:
	* www.snapinfo.ca Saskatchewan network for alternatives to Pesticides.  I also have a FB page.

15:39:36 From  Meg Sears  to  Everyone:
	Are the algorithms that you spoke about still available Pierre?

15:43:36 From  Dave Dougherty  to  Everyone:
	Paule's website.  * https://www.snapinfo.ca/about-us/paule-hjertaas